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docs: separate static and dynamic roles - #420

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MJG/authz-schema/static-dynamic-roles
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docs: separate static and dynamic roles#420
mariajgrimaldi wants to merge 2 commits into
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MJG/authz-schema/static-dynamic-roles

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@mariajgrimaldi

@mariajgrimaldi mariajgrimaldi commented Aug 27, 2026

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Description

Open edX needs to support roles defined by applications as well as roles created by administrators. These roles have different owners and lifecycles, but users should be able to work with both through the same authorization APIs.

This ADR separates static and dynamic roles. Applications define static roles in the authz schema, while administrators create dynamic roles through the authz model and APIs. This boundary gives the following ADRs a clear basis for defining the schema, deployment lifecycle, discovery, translations, and API behavior.

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Check off if complete or not applicable:

  • Version bumped
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  • Documentation updated (not only docstrings)
  • Fixup commits are squashed away
  • Unit tests added/updated
  • Manual testing instructions provided
  • Noted any: Concerns, dependencies, migration issues, deadlines, tickets

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@openedx-webhooks openedx-webhooks added open-source-contribution PR author is not from Axim or 2U core contributor PR author is a Core Contributor (who may or may not have write access to this repo). labels Aug 27, 2026
@github-project-automation github-project-automation Bot moved this to Needs Triage in Contributions Aug 27, 2026
@mariajgrimaldi mariajgrimaldi linked an issue Aug 27, 2026 that may be closed by this pull request
@mphilbrick211 mphilbrick211 moved this from Needs Triage to Waiting on Author in Contributions Aug 27, 2026

@rodmgwgu rodmgwgu left a comment

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Looks good, just a couple of things that came to mind while reading this (though I don't think these concerns should be solved here, just to keep in mind for future ADRs):

  1. What happens if an administration want's to remove or 'hide' static roles? will we allow this in the future?
  2. Will we allow an administrator to modify one of the static roles dynamically?

@BryanttV BryanttV left a comment

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Thanks @mariajgrimaldi, I just have a minor comments.


Applications, such as Django apps or IDAs, define static roles in the Open edX Authorization schema (authz schema). Because the application owns these roles, changes to them are made in the schema and released with the application.

Administrators create dynamic roles through the application, and the authz model stores both their definitions and their user assignments. This keeps administrator-managed data separate from the static definitions in the authz schema.

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Would operators and administrators be the same actor?

@mariajgrimaldi mariajgrimaldi Sep 1, 2026

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Not necessarily. An administrator has Django admin/staff access, while an operator would be a site operator as in https://docs.openedx.org/en/latest/site_ops/index.html. An admin doesn't necessarily operate a site but a site operator could be an administrator (could have django admin access for site operator tasks). We haven't specified which kind of user would be able to create roles (dynamic or static) yet but we could start with those kind of users.

As I see it, static roles that need a deployment to work would need site operator access while dynamic roles might need django admin or similar access.

what do you think, @rodmgwgu @gviedma-aulasneo?

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Yes, I agree with what you described @mariajgrimaldi, the idea for having dynamic roles is for non-programmers or non-technical people to be able to define these roles as configuration without needing a redeploy.

Static and dynamic definitions
==============================

Applications, such as Django apps or IDAs, define static roles in the Open edX Authorization schema (authz schema). Because the application owns these roles, changes to them are made in the schema and released with the application.

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Should we reference the authz schema (ADR-17) here for more context?

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Of course

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Just to be clear, defining how these "dynamic roles" are created would be out of scope for this effort, correct?

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Yes! We're only trying to draw a line between the kind of roles that exist.

@mariajgrimaldi

mariajgrimaldi commented Sep 1, 2026

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@rodmgwgu:

What happens if an administration want's to remove or 'hide' static roles? will we allow this in the future?

I think we should allow this kind of operation. What we'd need to figure out is whether we'd need a configuration file (which will require a deployment) or we'd allow to do this in runtime. Maybe we can include some of this rationale in a new ADR where we define what kind of operations we'd support in role extensions. Here's the ADR: #430

I think we can take the conversation there!

Will we allow an administrator to modify one of the static roles dynamically?

I wouldn't be opposed to this but we'd need to be careful about how we handle change traceability so we ensure site operators have a way to audit an out-of-the-box was changed at runtime and doesn't match static definitions anymore. We might need to discuss auditability for this specifically. Maybe this convo fits here: #425

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Role and permission definition ADR

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