examples.py

def get_examples():
	examples = {}
	examples["gsm8k"] = [
		(
			"There are 15 trees in the grove. Grove workers will plant trees in the grove today. After they are done, there will be 21 trees. How many trees did the grove workers plant today?",
			"There are 15 trees originally. Then there were 21 trees after some more were planted. So there must have been 21 - 15 = 6. The answer is <atok>6</atok>.",
		),
		(
			"If there are 3 cars in the parking lot and 2 more cars arrive, how many cars are in the parking lot?",
			"There are originally 3 cars. 2 more cars arrive. 3 + 2 = 5. The answer is <atok>5</atok>.",
		),
		(
			"Leah had 32 chocolates and her sister had 42. If they ate 35, how many pieces do they have left in total?",
			"Originally, Leah had 32 chocolates. Her sister had 42. So in total they had 32 + 42 = 74. After eating 35, they had 74 - 35 = 39. The answer is <atok>39</atok>.",
		),
		(
			"Jason had 20 lollipops. He gave Denny some lollipops. Now Jason has 12 lollipops. How many lollipops did Jason give to Denny?",
			"Jason started with 20 lollipops. Then he had 12 after giving some to Denny. So he gave Denny 20 - 12 = 8. The answer is <atok>8</atok>.",
		),
		(
			"Shawn has five toys. For Christmas, he got two toys each from his mom and dad. How many toys does he have now?",
			"Shawn started with 5 toys. If he got 2 toys each from his mom and dad, then that is 4 more toys. 5 + 4 = 9. The answer is <atok>9</atok>.",
		),
		(
			"There were nine computers in the server room. Five more computers were installed each day, from monday to thursday. How many computers are now in the server room?",
			"There were originally 9 computers. For each of 4 days, 5 more computers were added. So 5 * 4 = 20 computers were added. 9 + 20 is 29. The answer is <atok>29</atok>.",
		),
		(
			"Michael had 58 golf balls. On tuesday, he lost 23 golf balls. On wednesday, he lost 2 more. How many golf balls did he have at the end of wednesday?",
			"Michael started with 58 golf balls. After losing 23 on tuesday, he had 58 - 23 = 35. After losing 2 more, he had 35 - 2 = 33 golf balls. The answer is <atok>33</atok>.",
		),
		(
			"Olivia has $23. She bought five bagels for $3 each. How much money does she have left?",
			"Olivia had 23 dollars. 5 bagels for 3 dollars each will be 5 x 3 = 15 dollars. So she has 23 - 15 dollars left. 23 - 15 is 8. The answer is <atok>8</atok>.",
		),
	]

	# examples["gsm8k-pal"] = [
	# 	(
	# 		"Olivia has $23. She bought five bagels for $3 each. How much money does she have left?",
	# 		'```python\ndef solution():\n    """Olivia has $23. She bought five bagels for $3 each. How much money does she have left?"""\n    money_initial = 23\n    bagels = 5\n    bagel_cost = 3\n    money_spent = bagels * bagel_cost\n    money_left = money_initial - money_spent\n    result = money_left\n    return result\n```',
	# 	),
	# 	(
	# 		"Michael had 58 golf balls. On tuesday, he lost 23 golf balls. On wednesday, he lost 2 more. How many golf balls did he have at the end of wednesday?",
	# 		'```python\ndef solution():\n    """Michael had 58 golf balls. On tuesday, he lost 23 golf balls. On wednesday, he lost 2 more. How many golf balls did he have at the end of wednesday?"""\n    golf_balls_initial = 58\n    golf_balls_lost_tuesday = 23\n    golf_balls_lost_wednesday = 2\n    golf_balls_left = golf_balls_initial - golf_balls_lost_tuesday - golf_balls_lost_wednesday\n    result = golf_balls_left\n    return result\n```',
	# 	),
	# 	(
	# 		"There were nine computers in the server room. Five more computers were installed each day, from monday to thursday. How many computers are now in the server room?",
	# 		'```python\ndef solution():\n    """There were nine computers in the server room. Five more computers were installed each day, from monday to thursday. How many computers are now in the server room?"""\n    computers_initial = 9\n    computers_per_day = 5\n    num_days = 4  # 4 days between monday and thursday\n    computers_added = computers_per_day * num_days\n    computers_total = computers_initial + computers_added\n    result = computers_total\n    return result\n```',
	# 	),
	# ]
	# examples["gsm8k-tora"] = [
	# 	(
	# 		"Olivia has $23. She bought five bagels for $3 each. How much money does she have left?",
	# 		"```python\ndef money_left():\n    money_initial = 23\n    bagels = 5\n    bagel_cost = 3\n    money_spent = bagels * bagel_cost\n    remaining_money = money_initial - money_spent\n    return remaining_money\n \nremaining_money = money_left()\nprint(remaining_money)\n```\n```output\n8\n```\nOlivia has $\\boxed{8}$ dollars left.",
	# 	),
	# 	(
	# 		"Michael had 58 golf balls. On tuesday, he lost 23 golf balls. On wednesday, he lost 2 more. How many golf balls did he have at the end of wednesday?",
	# 		"```python\ndef remaining_golf_balls():\n    golf_balls_initial = 58\n    golf_balls_lost_tuesday = 23\n    golf_balls_lost_wednesday = 2\n    golf_balls_left = golf_balls_initial - golf_balls_lost_tuesday - golf_balls_lost_wednesday\n    remaining_golf_balls = golf_balls_left\n    return remaining_golf_balls\n\nanswer = remaining_golf_balls() \nprint(answer)\n```\n```output\n33\n```\nMichael had $\\boxed{33}$ golf balls at the end of Wednesday.",
	# 	),
	# 	(
	# 		"There were nine computers in the server room. Five more computers were installed each day, from monday to thursday. How many computers are now in the server room?",
	# 		"```python\ndef total_computers():\n    computers_initial = 9\n    computers_per_day = 5\n    num_days = 4  # 4 days between monday and thursday\n    computers_added = computers_per_day * num_days\n    computers_total = computers_initial + computers_added\n    return computers_total\n\ntotal_computers = total_computers()\nprint(total_computers)\n```\n```output\n29\n```\nThere're $\\boxed{29}$ computers in the server room.",
	# 	),
	# ]

	examples["math"] = [
		(
			"Kevin Kangaroo begins hopping on a number line at 0. He wants to get to 1, but he can hop only $\\frac{1}{3}$ of the distance. Each hop tires him out so that he continues to hop $\\frac{1}{3}$ of the remaining distance. How far has he hopped after five hops? Express your answer as a common fraction.",
			"Let's think step by step\nKevin hops $1/3$ of the remaining distance with every hop.\nHis first hop takes $1/3$ closer.\nFor his second hop, he has $2/3$ left to travel, so he hops forward $(2/3)(1/3)$.\nFor his third hop, he has $(2/3)^2$ left to travel, so he hops forward $(2/3)^2(1/3)$.\nIn general, Kevin hops forward $(2/3)^{k-1}(1/3)$ on his $k$th hop.\nWe want to find how far he has hopped after five hops.\nThis is a finite geometric series with first term $1/3$, common ratio $2/3$, and five terms.\nThus, Kevin has hopped $\\frac{\\frac{1}{3}\\left(1-\\left(\\frac{2}{3}\\right)^5\\right)}{1-\\frac{2}{3}} = \\boxed{\\frac{211}{243}}$.\nThe answer is \\frac{211}{243}}",
		),
		(
			"What is the area of the region defined by the equation $x^2+y^2 - 7 = 4y-14x+3$?",
			"Let's think step by step\nWe rewrite the equation as $x^2 + 14x + y^2 - 4y = 10$ and then complete the square,\nresulting in  $(x+7)^2-49 + (y-2)^2-4=10$,\nor $(x+7)^2+(y-2)^2=63$.\nThis is the equation of a circle with center $(-7, 2)$ and radius $\\sqrt{63},$\nso the area of this region is $\\pi r^2 = \\boxed{63\\pi}$.\nThe answer is 63\\pi",
		),
		(
			"If $x^2+y^2=1$, what is the largest possible value of $|x|+|y|$?",
			"Let's think step by step\nIf $(x,y)$ lies on the circle,\nso does $(x,-y),$ $(-x,-y),$ and $(-x,-y),$ (which all give the same value of $|x| + |y|$),\nso we can assume that $x \\ge 0$ and $y \\ge 0.$\nThen $|x| + |y| = x + y.$  Squaring, we get\n\\[(x + y)^2 = x^2 + 2xy + y^2 = 1 + 2xy.\\]\nNote that $(x - y)^2 \\ge 0.$\nExpanding, we get $x^2 - 2xy + y^2 \\ge 0,$ so $2xy \\le x^2 + y^2 = 1.$\nHence,\\[1 + 2xy \\le 2,\\]which means $x + y \\le \\sqrt{2}.$\nEquality occurs when $x = y = \\frac{1}{\\sqrt{2}},$\nso the maximum value of $|x| + |y|$ is $\\boxed{\\sqrt{2}}.$\nThe answer is \\sqrt{2}",
		),
		(
			"If $f(x)=\\frac{ax+b}{cx+d}, abcd\\not=0$ and $f(f(x))=x$ for all $x$ in the domain of $f$, what is the value of $a+d$?",
			"Let's think step by step\nThe condition $f(f(x))$ means that $f$ is the inverse of itself,\nso its graph is symmetrical about the line $y = x$.\nWith a rational function of this form, we will have two asymptotes:\na vertical one at $x=-d/c$ if $cx+d$ does not divide $ax+b$,\nand a horizontal one at $y=a/c$,\nif we take the limit of $f(x)$ as $x$ goes to $\\pm\\infty$.\nIn order for $f$ to be its own inverse, the intersection of the asymptotes must lie on the line $y=x$\nso that it and its asymptotes reflect onto themselves.\nThis means that $-d/c=a/c$,\nand therefore $-d=a$ and $a+d=\\boxed{0}$.\nThe answer is 0",
		),
		(
			"Expand $(2z^2 + 5z - 6)(3z^3 - 2z + 1)$.",
			"Let's think step by step\n$$\\begin{array}{crrrrrrr}\n& & & 3z^3 & & -2z & + 1 & \\\\\n\\times & & & & 2z^2 & +5z & -6 \\\\\n\\cline{1-7}\\rule{0pt}{0.17in}\n& & & -18z^3 & & +12z & -6 & \\\\\n& & +15z^4 & & -10z^2 & +5z & & \\\\\n+ & 6z^5 & & -4z^3 & +2z^2 & & & \\\\\n\\cline{1-7}\\rule{0pt}{0.17in}\n& 6z^5 & +15z^4 & -22z^3 & - 8z^2 &+17z & -6 &\n\\end{array}$$\nThe answer is 6z^5+15z^4-22z^3-8z^2+17z-6",
		),
	]

	# examples["math_pal"] = [
	# 	(
	# 		"Display the final result in LaTeX.\n\n Find the coefficient of $x^3$ when $3(x^2 - x^3+x) +3(x +2x^3- 3x^2 + 3x^5+x^3) -5(1+x-4x^3 - x^2)$ is simplifie.",
	# 		"```python\nfrom sympy import symbols, simplify\n\ndef solution():\n    x = symbols('x')\n    expr = 3*(x**2 - x**3 + x) + 3*(x + 2*x**3 - 3*x**2 + 3*x**5 + x**3) - 5*(1 + x - 4*x**3 - x**2)\n    simplified_expr = simplify(expr)\n\n    x3_coefficient = simplified_expr.as_coefficients_dict()[x**3]\n    result = x3_coefficient\n    return result\n```",
	# 	),
	# 	(
	# 		"The surface area of a sphere with radius $r$ is $4\\pi r^2$. Including the area of its circular base, what is the total surface area of a hemisphere with radius 6 cm? Express your answer in terms of $\\pi$.",
	# 		"```python\nimport math\n\ndef solution():\n    radius = 6\n\n    # Surface area of the hemisphere\n    hemisphere_area = 2 * math.pi * radius**2\n\n    # Area of the circular base\n    base_area = math.pi * radius**2\n\n    # Total surface area\n    total_surface_area = hemisphere_area + base_area\n\n    # Formatting the result in LaTeX\n    result = r'{}\\\\pi'.format(total_surface_area / math.pi)\n    return result\n```",
	# 	),
	# 	(
	# 		"Monica tosses a fair 6-sided die.  If the roll is a prime number, then she wins that amount of dollars (so that, for example, if she rolls 3, then she wins 3 dollars).  If the roll is composite, she wins nothing. Otherwise, she loses 3 dollars. What is the expected value of her winnings on one die toss? Express your answer as a dollar value to the nearest cent.",
	# 		'```python\ndef solution():\n    # Probabilities of each outcome\n    prime_prob = 1 / 6\n    composite_prob = 1 / 3\n    otherwise_prob = 1 / 6\n\n    # Expected value of each outcome\n    prime_expected_value = (2 * prime_prob) + (3 * prime_prob) + (5 * prime_prob)\n    composite_expected_value = 0 * composite_prob\n    otherwise_expected_value = -3 * otherwise_prob\n\n    # Total expected value\n    total_expected_value = prime_expected_value + composite_expected_value + otherwise_expected_value\n\n    # Dollar value to the nearest cent\n    result = "{:.2f}".format(total_expected_value)\n    return result\n```',
	# 	),
	# 	(
	# 		"Given $\\mathbf{a} = \\begin{pmatrix} -7 \\\\ 0 \\\\ 1 \\end{pmatrix}$ and $\\mathbf{b} = \\begin{pmatrix} 4 \\\\ 2 \\\\ -1 \\end{pmatrix},$ find $\\mathbf{a} - 3 \\mathbf{b}.$",
	# 		"```python\nimport numpy as np\n\ndef solution()\n    a = np.array([-7, 0, 1])\n    b = np.array([4, 2, -1])\n\n    result = a - 3 * b\n\n    result = r'\\begin{{pmatrix}} {} \\\\ {} \\\\ {} \\end{{pmatrix}}'.format(result[0], result[1], result[2])\n    return result\n```",
	# 	),
	# ]
	# examples["math-tora"] = [
	# 	(
	# 		"Convert the point $(0, -3 \\sqrt{3}, 3)$ in rectangular coordinates to spherical coordinates.  Enter your answer in the form $(\\rho,\\theta,\\phi),$ where $\\rho > 0,$ $0 \\le \\theta < 2 \\pi,$ and $0 \\le \\phi \\le \\pi.$",
	# 		"To convert the point $(x, y, z)$ in rectangular coordinates to spherical coordinates $(\\rho, \\theta, \\phi)$, we use the following formulas:\n1. $\\rho = \\sqrt{x^2 + y^2 + z^2}$\n2. $\\theta = \\arctan{\\frac{y}{x}}$\n3. $\\phi = \\arccos{\\frac{z}{\\rho}}$\n\nLet's write a function:\n\n```python\nfrom sympy import sqrt, atan2, acos, pi\n\ndef rectangular_to_spherical():\n    x, y, z = 0, -3*sqrt(3), 3\n    rho = sqrt(x**2 + y**2 + z**2)\n    theta = atan2(y, x)\n    phi = acos(z/rho)\n    return rho, theta, phi\n\nspherical_coordinates = rectangular_to_spherical()\nprint(spherical_coordinates)\n```\n```output\n(6, -pi/2, pi/3)\n```\n\nThe required form of the answer is $(\\rho, \\theta, \\phi)$, where $\\rho > 0$, $0 \\le \\theta < 2\\pi$, and $0 \\le \\phi \\le \\pi$. Since our initial output has $\\theta = -\\pi/2$, which doesn't meet the condition for $\\theta$, we add $2\\pi$ to adjust its value.\n\nHence, the spherical coordinates for the point $(0, -3\\sqrt{3}, 3)$ are $\\boxed{(6, \\frac{3\\pi}{2}, \\frac{\\pi}{3})}$.",
	# 	),
	# 	(
	# 		"Compute $1011_2 + 101_2 - 1100_2 + 1101_2$.  Express your answer in base 2.",
	# 		'Let\'s write a single python function for binary computation:\n\n```python\ndef binary_sum_diff():\n    # Convert binary to decimal\n    num1 = int("1011", 2)\n    num2 = int("101", 2)\n    num3 = int("1100", 2)\n    num4 = int("1101", 2)\n\n    # Perform the operations\n    result = num1 + num2 - num3 + num4\n\n    # Convert the result back to binary\n    result_binary = format(result, "b")\n\n    return result_binary\n\nresult = binary_sum_diff()\nprint(result)\n```\n```output\n10001\n```\nThe answer expressed in base 2 is $\\boxed{10001_2}$.',
	# 	),
	# 	(
	# 		"Find the matrix that corresponds to projecting onto the vector $\\begin{pmatrix} 2 \\\\ -3 \\end{pmatrix}.$",
	# 		"```python\nfrom sympy import Matrix, simplify\n\ndef projection_matrix():\n    v = Matrix([2, -3])\n\n    # Calculate the projection matrix\n    P = (v * v.T) / (v.T * v)[0]\n\n    # Simplify the elements\n    P = P.applyfunc(simplify)\n\n    return P\n\nresult = projection_matrix()\nprint(result)\n```\n```output\nMatrix([[4/13, -6/13], [-6/13, 9/13]])\n```\n\nThe matrix is $\\boxed{\\begin{pmatrix} \\frac{4}{13} & -\\frac{6}{13} \\ -\\frac{6}{13} & \\frac{9}{13} \\end{pmatrix}}.$",
	# 	),
	# 	(
	# 		"Solve the inequality\n\\[\\frac{x^2 - 25}{x + 5} < 0.\\]",
	# 		"Let's use `sympy` to solve the inequality:\n\n```python\nfrom sympy import symbols, simplify\nfrom sympy.solvers.inequalities import solve_univariate_inequality\nfrom sympy.core.relational import StrictLessThan\n\ndef solve_inequality():\n    x = symbols('x')\n    expression = (x**2 - 25) / (x + 5)\n    inequality = StrictLessThan(expression, 0)\n    solution = solve_univariate_inequality(inequality, x, relational=False)\n    simplified_solution = simplify(solution)\n    \n    return simplified_solution\n\nresult = solve_inequality()\nprint(result)\n```\n```output\nUnion(Interval.open(-oo, -5), Interval.Lopen(-5, 5))\n```\nThe answer is $\\boxed{(-\\infty,-5)\\cup(-5,5)}$",
	# 	),
	# 	(
	# 		'In the figure, triangles $ABC$ and $BCD$ are equilateral triangles. What is the value of $AD \\div BC$ when expressed in simplest radical form?\n\n[asy]\ndraw((0,0)--(5,8.7)--(10,0)--cycle);\ndraw((10,0)--(15,8.7)--(5,8.7));\nlabel("$A$",(0,0),SW);\nlabel("$B$",(5,8.7),N);\nlabel("$C$",(10,0),SE);\nlabel("$D$",(15,8.7),NE);\n[/asy]',
	# 		"```python\nfrom sympy import Rational, sqrt, simplify\n\ndef ad_divided_by_bc():\n\n    x = Rational(1, 1)  # Side length of equilateral triangles\n\n    ad_squared = 2 * x**2 * (1 + Rational(1, 2))  # Using the law of cosines with cos(2*pi/3) = -1/2\n    ad = sqrt(ad_squared)\n\n    bc = x # BC is the side length of the equilateral triangles\n\n    simplified_ratio = simplify(ad / bc)\n\n    return simplified_ratio\n\nresult = ad_divided_by_bc()\nprint(result)\n```\n```output\nsqrt(3)\n```\nThe value of $AD \\div BC$ is $\\boxed{\\sqrt{3}}$.",
	# 	),
	# ]
	# examples["carp_en"] = [
	# 	(
	# 		"If $3 a ^ { m + 2 } b$ and $\\frac { 1 } { 2 } ab ^ { n - 1 }$ are similar terms, then $m + n$ is equal to.",
	# 		"Let's think step by step\n$3 a ^ { m + 2 } b$ and $\\frac { 1 } { 2 } ab ^ { n - 1 }$ are like terms. We can obtain $m + 2 = 1$ and $n - 1 = 1$. Solving for $m$ and $n$, we get $m = - 1$ and $n = 2$. Therefore, $m + n = - 1 + 2 = 1$.\nThe answer is: 1",
	# 	),
	# 	(
	# 		"The solution to the equation $y - \\frac { y - 1 } { 2 } = - \\frac { y + 2 } { 5 }$ is ____ ?",
	# 		"Let's think step by step\nTo eliminate the denominator, we have $10 y - 5 ( y - 1 ) = - 2 ( y + 2 )$. Expanding the brackets gives $10 y - 5 y + 5 = - 2 y - 4$. Rearranging terms gives $10 y - 5 y + 2 y = - 4 - 5$, which simplifies to $7 y = - 9$. Dividing both sides by 7 gives $y = - \\frac { 9 } { 7 }$.\nThe answer is: y = - \\frac { 9 } { 7 }",
	# 	),
	# 	(
	# 		"If $( m + 4 ) ^ 2 + | n - 3 | = 0$, then $\\frac { 1 } { 2 } m - n$ = ____?",
	# 		"Let's think step by step\n$\\because ( m + 4 ) ^ 2 + | n - 3 | = 0$, $\\therefore m + 4 = 0$, $n - 3 = 0$, which means $m = - 4$, $n = 3$. Then the original expression equals $- 2 - 3 = - 5$.\nThe answer is: - 5",
	# 	),
	# 	(
	# 		"Given a quadratic equation in one variable $x$, $x ^ 2 + x + m = 0$, with one root being $x = 1$, what is the other root of this equation?",
	# 		"Let's think step by step\nSuppose the quadratic equation in one variable about $x$ is $x ^ 2 + x + m = 0$, and $\\alpha$ is another real root of the equation. Since one real root of the quadratic equation in one variable about $x$ is $1$, we have $\\alpha + 1 = - 1$. Therefore, $\\alpha = - 2$.\nThe answer is: - 2",
	# 	),
	# 	(
	# 		"The parabola $y = - 5 { x } ^ 2 + 1$ is translated $2$ units upward and $1$ unit to the left, resulting in the parabola _____.",
	# 		"Let's think step by step\nThe parabola $y = - 5 { x } ^ 2 + 1$ is first shifted upward by 2 units, resulting in $y = - 5 { x } ^ 2 + 3$. Then it is shifted left by 1 unit, resulting in $y = - 5 {( x + 1 )} ^ 2 + 3$.\nThe answer is: y = - 5 ( x + 1 )  ^ { 2 } + 3",
	# 	),
	# 	(
	# 		"If the radical $\\sqrt { x - 8 }$ is defined, then the range of real numbers for $x$ is ____ ?",
	# 		"Let's think step by step\nSince the radical $\\sqrt { x - 8 }$ is defined, therefore $x - 8 \\ge 0$, which implies $x \\ge 8$.\nThe answer is: x \\ge 8",
	# 	),
	# 	(
	# 		"If $a ^ { m } \\times a ^ { 2 } = a ^ { 7 }$, then the value of $m$ is ____?",
	# 		"Let's think step by step\nAccording to the multiplication rule of powers with the same base: when multiplying powers with the same base, keep the base the same and add the exponents. We have $m + 2 = 7$, so solving for $m$ gives $m = 5$.\nThe answer is: 5",
	# 	),
	# 	(
	# 		"If line segment $a$ and $b$ satisfy $\\frac { a } { b } = \\frac { 5 } { 2 }$, then the value of $\\frac { a - b } { b }$ is ____?",
	# 		"Let's think step by step\n$\\because \\frac { a } { b } = \\frac { 5 } { 2 }$, $\\therefore$ we can assume $a = 5 k$, then $b = 2 k$, $\\therefore \\frac { a - b } { b } = \\frac { 5 k - 2 k } { 2 k } = \\frac { 3 } { 2 }$.\nThe answer is: \\frac { 3 } { 2 }",
	# 	),
	# ]

	# examples["minerva_math"] = [
	# 	(
	# 		"Find the domain of the expression $\\frac{\\sqrt{x-2}}{\\sqrt{5-x}}$.}",
	# 		"The expressions inside each square root must be non-negative.\nTherefore, $x-2 \\ge 0$, so $x\\ge2$, and $5 - x \\ge 0$, so $x \\le 5$.\nAlso, the denominator cannot be equal to zero, so $5-x>0$, which gives $x<5$.\nTherefore, the domain of the expression is $\\boxed{[2,5)}$.",
	# 	),
	# 	(
	# 		"If $\\det \\mathbf{A} = 2$ and $\\det \\mathbf{B} = 12,$ then find $\\det (\\mathbf{A} \\mathbf{B}).$",
	# 		"We have that $\\det (\\mathbf{A} \\mathbf{B}) = (\\det \\mathbf{A})(\\det \\mathbf{B}) = (2)(12) = \\boxed{24}.$",
	# 	),
	# 	(
	# 		"Terrell usually lifts two 20-pound weights 12 times. If he uses two 15-pound weights instead, how many times must Terrell lift them in order to lift the same total weight?",
	# 		"If Terrell lifts two 20-pound weights 12 times, he lifts a total of $2\\cdot 12\\cdot20=480$ pounds of weight.  If he lifts two 15-pound weights instead for $n$ times, he will lift a total of $2\\cdot15\\cdot n=30n$ pounds of weight.  Equating this to 480 pounds, we can solve for $n$: \\begin{align*}\n30n&=480\\\\\\\n\\Rightarrow\\qquad n&=480/30=\\boxed{16}\n\\end{align*}",
	# 	),
	# 	(
	# 		"If the system of equations\n\n\\begin{align*}\n6x-4y&=a,\\\\\\\n6y-9x &=b.\n\\end{align*}has a solution $(x, y)$ where $x$ and $y$ are both nonzero, find $\\frac{a}{b},$ assuming $b$ is nonzero.",
	# 		"If we multiply the first equation by $-\\frac{3}{2}$, we obtain\n\n$$6y-9x=-\\frac{3}{2}a.$$Since we also know that $6y-9x=b$, we have\n\n$$-\\frac{3}{2}a=b\\Rightarrow\\frac{a}{b}=\\boxed{-\\frac{2}{3}}.$$",
	# 	),
	# ]

	# examples["aqua"] = [
	# 	(
	# 		"John found that the average of 15 numbers is 40. If 10 is added to each number then the mean of the numbers is?\nAnswer Choices: (A) 50 (B) 45 (C) 65 (D) 78 (E) 64",
	# 		"If 10 is added to each number, then the mean of the numbers also increases by 10. So the new mean would be 50. The answer is (A).",
	# 	),
	# 	(
	# 		"If a / b = 3/4 and 8a + 5b = 22,then find the value of a.\nAnswer Choices: (A) 1/2 (B) 3/2 (C) 5/2 (D) 4/2 (E) 7/2",
	# 		"a / b = 3/4, then b = 4a / 3. So 8a + 5(4a / 3) = 22. This simplifies to 8a + 20a / 3 = 22, which means 44a / 3 = 22. So a is equal to 3/2. The answer is (B).",
	# 	),
	# 	(
	# 		"A person is traveling at 20 km/hr and reached his destiny in 2.5 hr then find the distance?\nAnswer Choices: (A) 53 km (B) 55 km (C) 52 km (D) 60 km (E) 50 km",
	# 		"The distance that the person traveled would have been 20 km/hr * 2.5 hrs = 50 km. The answer is (E).",
	# 	),
	# 	(
	# 		"How many keystrokes are needed to type the numbers from 1 to 500?\nAnswer Choices: (A) 1156 (B) 1392 (C) 1480 (D) 1562 (E) 1788",
	# 		"There are 9 one-digit numbers from 1 to 9. There are 90 two-digit numbers from 10 to 99. There are 401 three-digit numbers from 100 to 500. 9 + 90(2) + 401(3) = 1392. The answer is (B).",
	# 	),
	# ]
	# examples["sat_math"] = [
	# 	(
	# 		"If $\frac{x-1}{3}=k$ and $k=3$, what is the value of $x$ ? \nAnswer Choices: (A) 2 (B) 4 (C) 9 (D) 10",
	# 		"If k = 3, then x - 1 = 3 * 3, therfore, x - 1 = 9 and x = 10. The answer is D",
	# 	),
	# 	(
	# 		"For $i=\\sqrt{-1}$, what is the sum $(7+3 i)+(-8+9 i)$ ? \nAnswer Choices: (A) $-1+12 i$ (B) $-1-6 i$ (C) $15+12 i$ (D) $15-6 i$ 3",
	# 		"For (7+3 i)+(-8+9 i), the real part is 7 + (-8) = -1, the imageinary part is 3 i + 9 i = 12 i. The answer is A",
	# 	),
	# 	(
	# 		"On Saturday afternoon, Armand sent $m$ text messages each hour for 5 hours, and Tyrone sent $p$ text messages each hour for 4 hours. Which of the following represents the total number of messages sent by Armand and Tyrone on Saturday afternoon?\nAnswer Choices: (A) $9 m p$ (B) $20 m p$ (C) $5 m+4 p$ (D) $4 m+5 p$",
	# 		"Armand texts m messages each hour for 5 hours, which leads to 5m messages. Tyrone texts p messages each hour for 4 hours, which leds to 4p messages. The total is 5m + 4p. The answer is C.",
	# 	),
	# 	(
	# 		"$$\begin{array}{r}3 x+4 y=-23 \\2 y-x=-19\\end{array}$$What is the solution $(x, y)$ to the system of equations above?\nAnswer Choices: (A) $(-5,-2)$ (B) $(3,-8)$ (C) $(4,-6)$ (D) $(9,-6)$",
	# 		"By solving this equation, we found that x = 3 and y = -8. The answer is B.",
	# 	),
	# ]
	# examples["mmlu_mathematics"] = [
	# 	(
	# 		"Simplify and write the result with a rational denominator: $$\\sqrt{\\sqrt[3]{\\sqrt{\frac{1}{729}}}}$$\nAnswer Choices: (A) \\frac{3\\sqrt{3}}{3} (B) \\frac{1}{3} (C) \\sqrt{3} (D) \\frac{\\sqrt{3}}{3}",
	# 		"Factoring $729=3^6$ and combining the roots $\frac{1}{2}\frac{1}{3}\frac{1}{2}=\frac{1}{12}$, we get that $\\sqrt{\\sqrt[3]{\\sqrt{\frac{1}{729}}}}=\\left(\frac{1}{3^6}\right)^{\frac{1}{12}}=\frac{1}{3^{\frac{1}{2}}}=\frac{3}{\\sqrt{3}}$. The answer is (D).",
	# 	),
	# 	(
	# 		"Five thousand dollars compounded annually at an $x\\%$ interest rate takes six years to double. At the same interest rate, how many years will it take $\\$300$ to grow to $\\$9600$?\nAnswer Choices:(A) 12 (B) 1 (C) 30 (D) 5",
	# 		"To go from $\\$300$ to $\\$9600$, the value must go up by a factor of $9600/300=32=2^5$. Since at this interest rate it takes six years for it to double, it will take $5*6=30$ years to grow to $\\$9600$. The answer is (C).",
	# 	),
	# 	(
	# 		"Ten students take a biology test and receive the following scores: 45, 55, 50, 70, 65, 80, 40, 90, 70, 85. What is the mean of the students’ test scores?\nAnswer Choices: (A) 55 (B) 60 (C) 62 (D) 65",
	# 		"There are 10 students and the sum of their scores is $45 + 55 + 50 + 70 + 65 + 80 + 40 + 90 + 70 + 85 = 650$, the mean is $650/10=65$. The answer is (D).",
	# 	),
	# 	(
	# 		"The variable $x$ varies directly as the square of $y$, and $y$ varies directly as the cube of $z$. If $x$ equals $-16$ when $z$ equals 2, what is the value of $x$ when $z$ equals $\frac{1}{2}$?\nAnswer Choices: (A) -1 (B) 16 (C) -\frac{1}{256} (D) \\frac{1}{16}",
	# 		"We know that $x \\propto y^2$ and $y \\propto z^3$, so $x = k z^6$ for some constant $k$. Plugging in for $x=-16$ and $z=2$, the constant value is $k=\frac{x}{z^6}=\frac{-16}{64}=-\frac{1}{4}$. So, when $z=\frac{1}{2}$, the value of $x$ is $x=kz^6=-\frac{1}{4}\frac{1}{2^6}=-\frac{1}{256}$. The answer is (C).",
	# 	),
	# 	(
	# 		"Joe was in charge of lights for a dance. The red light blinks every two seconds, the yellow light every three seconds, and the blue light every five seconds. If we include the very beginning and very end of the dance, how many times during a seven minute dance will all the lights come on at the same time? (Assume that all three lights blink simultaneously at the very beginning of the dance.)\nAnswer Choices: (A) 3 (B) 15 (C) 6 (D) 5",
	# 		"The least common multiple of 2, 3 and 5 is 30, so during a 7 minute dance, all the three lights will come on at the same time $2*7+1=15$ times. The answer is (B).",
	# 	),
	# ]
	# examples["mmlu_physics"] = [
	# 	(
	# 		"A microwave oven is connected to an outlet, 120 V, and draws a current of 2 amps. At what rate is energy being used by the microwave oven?\nAnswer Choices: (A) 10 W (B) 30 W (C) 60 W (D) 240 W",
	# 		"Rate of energy usage is known as power; in an dissipative electrical circuit, power is given by voltage times current. So in our case, the power is 120 V times 2 amps, or 240 W. The answer is (D).",
	# 	),
	# 	(
	# 		"A point charge, Q = +1 mC, is fixed at the origin. How much work is required to move a charge, Q = +8 µC, from the point (0, 4 meters) to the point (3 meters, 0)?\nAnswer Choices: (A) 3.5 J (B) 6.0 J (C) 22.5 J (D) 40 J",
	# 		"To calculate the work required to move a charge from one location to another in a fixed electric field, it is enough to calculate the potential difference between the two locations. Here, the potential only depends on the distance between the charges; it’s $k q_1 q_2 / r$, where $k$ is Coulomb’s constant. Plugging in values $q_1 = $ 1 mC, $q_2 = 8 \\mu$ C, gives the answer as 5.992 J, which rounds to 6 J. The answer is (B).",
	# 	),
	# 	(
	# 		"Which of the following conditions will ensure that angular momentum is conserved? I. Conservation of linear momentum II. Zero net external force III. Zero net external torque.\nAnswer Choices: (A) I and II only (B) I and III only (C) II and III only (D) III only",
	# 		"Torque is defined as the change in angular momentum; if there is zero external torque, angular momentum is conserved. The answer is (D).",
	# 	),
	# 	(
	# 		"A photocell of work function ϕ = 2eV is connected to a resistor in series. Light of frequency f = 1 × 10^15 Hz hits a metal plate of the photocell. If the power of the light is P = 100 W, what is the current through the resistor?\nAnswer Choices: (A) 2:00 AM (B) 6:00 AM (C) 12:00 AM (D) 24 A",
	# 		"The only answer above which has units of current is D, 24 A. The answer is (D).",
	# 	),
	# 	(
	# 		"A pipe full of air is closed at one end. A standing wave is produced in the pipe, causing the pipe to sound a note. Which of the following is a correct statement about the wave’s properties at the closed end of the pipe?\nAnswer Choices: (A) The pressure is at a node, but the particle displacement is at an antinode. (B) The pressure is at an antinode, but the particle displacement is at a node. (C) The pressure and the particle displacement are both at nodes. (D) The pressure and the particle displacement are both at antinodes.",
	# 		"At the closed end of the pipe, the particles cannot have any net displacement because the pipe closure stops them. So the particle displacement is at a node. This closure also causes the pressure to be maximal, i.e. an antinode. The answer is (B).",
	# 	),
	# ]
	# examples["mmlu_chemistry"] = [
	# 	(
	# 		"Which of the following is considered an acid anhydride?\nAnswer Choices: (A) HCl (B) H2SO3 (C) SO2 (D) Al(NO3)3",
	# 		"An acid anhydride is a compound that is derived by removing water from an acid. The chemical formula for water is H2O, which means that we need to determine which of these options, when combined with H2O, forms an acid. SO2, or Sulfur dioxide, when combined with H2O, makes H2SO4, or sulfuric acid. The answer is (C).",
	# 	),
	# 	(
	# 		"Which of the following is expected to be a polar molecule?\nAnswer Choices: (A) PCl4F (B) BF3 (C) CO2 (D) Si(CH3)4",
	# 		"A polar molecule is one that has a slightly positive charge on one end of the molecule and a slightly negative charge on the other end. Boron trifluoride (BF3) has Boron as the center atom and three fluorine atoms attached to it; it is trigonal planar and symmetric, so it is nonpolar. Carbon Dioxide (CO2) has Carbon as the central atom with double bonds to two Oxygen atoms - this is also symmetrical and therefore nonpolar. The same is the case for tetramethyl silane (SI(CH3)4), which is a Silicon atom surrounded by four methyl groups. The structure of PCL4F is that Phosphorus is the central atom, attached to four chlorines and one fluorine atom. This is asymmetrical, and therefore has a net dipole and is expected to be a polar molecule. The answer is (A).",
	# 	),
	# 	(
	# 		"From the solubility rules, which of the following is true?\nAnswer Choices: (A) All chlorides, bromides, and iodides are soluble (B) All sulfates are soluble (C) All hydroxides are soluble (D) All ammonium-containing compounds are soluble",
	# 		"The chlorides, bromides, and iodides of lead, silver, and mercury are not soluble in water. This rules out (A). The sulfates of lead, barium, and calcium are not soluble in water, which rules out (B). The hydroxides of any metal besides sodium, potassium, ammonium, calcium, and barium are insoluble. This rules out (C). Typically ammonium ions indicate a soluble ionic substance. The answer is (D).",
	# 	),
	# 	(
	# 		"A new compound is synthesized and found to be a monoprotic acid with a molar mass of 248 g/mol. When 0.0050 mol of this acid are dissolved in 0.500 L of water, the pH is measured as 3.89. What is the pKa of this acid?\nAnswer Choices: (A) 3.89 (B) 7.78 (C) 5.78 (D) 2.33",
	# 		"Recall that $[A] = [H^{+}]$. Here, this is equal to $$10^{-3.89}$. Then we have $K_{a} = $frac{[H^{+}][A^{-}]}{[HA]} = \\frac{10^{-3.89} \\cdot 10^{-3.89}}{10^{-2}}. The resulting exponent is $-3.89 + (-3.89) - (-2) = 5.78$, therefore $K_a = 10^{-5.78}$. The $pK_a$ is the negative log of $K_a$, which is equal to $5.78$. The answer is (C).",
	# 	),
	# 	(
	# 		"A solution contains 2.00 mole of acetic acid, CH3COOH, and 1.00 mole of calcium acetate, Ca(CH3COO)2. The solution is able to resist the addition of a small amount of strong acid or strong base with only minor changes in the pH of the solution. Larger quantities of strong acid or strong base can cause a significant change in pH. How many moles of nitric acid, HNO3, may be added before the pH begins to change significantly?\nAnswer Choices: (A) 0.500 mole (B) 1.00 mole (C) 2.00 mole (D) 3.00 mole",
	# 		"We would like to compute the buffer capacity of this solution. First we write the equation for the ionization of the weak acid, in this case of acetic acid. $CH_{3}COOH (aq) + H_{2}O \rightarrow H_{3}O^{+} + CH3COO^{-}$. The conjugate base is therefore the acetate ion. The added strong acid, Nitric acid, will react with the conjugate base. Therefore the maximum amount of acid that can be added will be equal to the amount of acetate ion, or 2 moles. The answer is (C).",
	# 	),
	# ]
	# examples["mmlu_biology"] = [
	# 	(
	# 		"In animal cells, which of the following represents the most likely pathway that a secretory protein takes as it is synthesized in a cell?\nAnswer Choices: (A) Plasma membrane-Golgi apparatus-ribosome-secretory vesicle-rough ER (B) Ribosome-Golgi apparatus-rough ER-secretory vesicle-plasma membrane (C) Plasma membrane-Golgi apparatus-ribosome-secretory vesicle-rough ER (D) Ribosome-rough ER-Golgi apparatus-secretory vesicle-plasma membrane",
	# 		"Protein synthesis starts at the ribosome, so we can eliminate (A) and (C). The ribosome is often in the endoplasmic reticulum and moves from there to the Golgi apparatus, where it is modified and packaged into a vesicle. The vesicle then floats to the plasma membrane and is secreted. The answer is (D).",
	# 	),
	# 	(
	# 		"A mutation in a bacterial enzyme changed a previously polar amino acid into a nonpolar amino acid. This amino acid was located at a site distant from the enzyme’s active site. How might this mutation alter the enzyme’s substrate specificity?\nAnswer Choices: (A) By changing the enzyme’s pH optimum (B) By changing the enzyme’s location in the cell (C) By changing the shape of the protein (D) An amino acid change away from the active site cannot alter the enzyme’s substrate specificity.",
	# 		"A change in an amino acid leads to a change in the primary structure of the protein. A change in the primary structure may lead to a change in the secondary and the tertiary structure of the protein. A change in the tertiary structure means a change in the shape of the protein, so (C) has to be correct. Since the change does not affect the active site of the enzyme, we do not expect the activity of the enzyme to be affected. The answer is (C).",
	# 	),
	# 	(
	# 		"Which of the following is not a way to form recombinant DNA?\nAnswer Choices: (A) Translation (B) Conjugation (C) Specialized transduction (D) Transformation",
	# 		"The introduction of foreign DNA or RNA into bacteria or eukaryotic cells is a common technique in molecular biology and scientific research. There are multiple ways foreign DNA can be introduced into cells including transformation, transduction, conjugation, and transfection. In contrast, (A) is not a way to form DNA: during translation the ribosomes synthesize proteins from RNA. The answer is (A).",
	# 	),
	# 	(
	# 		"Homologous structures are often cited as evidence for the process of natural selection. All of the following are examples of homologous structures EXCEPT\nAnswer Choices: (A) the wings of a bird and the wings of a bat (B) the flippers of a whale and the arms of a man (C) the pectoral fins of a porpoise and the flippers of a seal (D) the forelegs of an insect and the forelimbs of a dog",
	# 		"Homologous structures are similar physical features in organisms that share a common ancestor ​​but different functions. Comparisons (B) and (C) are clearly homologous because they share a common ancestor and the structures serve different purposes. Bat wings and birg wings are also homologous, while they are both wings, the forelimbs serve different purposes. Insects and dogs are very far ancestors since one is vertebrate while the other is invertebrate and the forelimbs serve the same purpose, so they are not homologous. The answer is (D).",
	# 	),
	# 	(
	# 		"Which of the following is not known to be involved in the control of cell division?\nAnswer Choices: (A) Cyclins (B) Protein kinases (C) Checkpoints (D) Fibroblast cells",
	# 		"Normal cells move through the cell cycle in a regulated way. At the checkpoint stage, they use information about their own internal state and cues from the environment around them to decide whether to proceed with cell division. Cues like these act by changing the activity of core cell cycle regulators inside the cell. The most common regulators are cyclins and cyclin-dependent kinases. Fibroblast cells do not play any role in cell division. The answer is (D).",
	# 	),
	# ]
	# examples["mmlu_computer"] = [
	# 	(
	# 		"Which of the following is an example of the use of a device on the Internet of Things (IoT) ?\nAnswer Choices: (A) A car alerts a driver that it is about to hit an object. (B) A hiker uses a G P S watch to keep track of her position. (C) A refrigerator orders milk from an online delivery service when the milk in the refrigerator is almost gone. (D) A runner uses a watch with optical sensors to monitor his heart rate.",
	# 		"The term Internet of Things (IoT) refers to common devices which are connected to the internet, enabling new functionality. Choice A is incorrect because it does not describe an internet connected device. In choice B, the watch is only described as having GPS functionality but no internet connectivity. Choice C describes a common device (a refrigerator) which has internet connectivity enabling new functionality (online ordering). Choice D does not mention internet connectivity for the watch, only optical sensors. The answer is (C).",
	# 	),
	# 	(
	# 		"Many Web browsers allow users to open anonymous windows. During a browsing session in an anonymous window, the browser does not record a browsing history or a list of downloaded files. When the anonymous window is exited, cookies created during the session are deleted. Which of the following statements about browsing sessions in an anonymous window is true?\nAnswer Choices: (A) The activities of a user browsing in an anonymous window will not be visible to people who monitor the user's network, such as the system administrator. (B) Items placed in a Web store's shopping cart for future purchase during the anonymous browsing session will not be saved on the user's computer. (C) A user will not be able to log in to e-mail or social media accounts during the anonymous browsing session. (D) A user browsing in an anonymous window will be protected from viruses launched from any web sites visited or files downloaded.",
	# 		"Choice A is incorrect as it only describes network traffic, which an anonymous browser does not change. Choice B is correct as it correctly describes how an anonymous browser will prevent saving data on the user’s computer after the session is ended. Choice C is incorrect because an anonymous browser will not prevent logging in to email or social media accounts. Choice D is incorrect because an anonymous browser in itself performs no virus protection. The answer is (B).",
	# 	),
	# 	(
	# 		'What is the output of "abc"[::-1] in Python 3? \nAnswer Choices: (A) Error (B) abc (C) cba (D) c',
	# 		'We know that the slicing operator [::-1] takes all of the elements in the string in reverse order, so we reverse the order of the string "abc", resulting in "cba". The answer is (C).',
	# 	),
	# 	(
	# 		'In the program below, the initial value of X is 5 and the initial value of Y is 10.\nIF (X < 0){\n DISPLAY ("Foxtrot")\n} ELSE {\n IF (X > Y){\n  DISPLAY ("Hotel")\n } ELSE {\n  IF (Y > 0){\n   DISPLAY ("November")\n  } ELSE {\n   DISPLAY ("Yankee")\n  }\n }\n}\nWhat is displayed as a result of running the program?\nAnswer Choices: (A) Foxtrot (B) Hotel (C) November (D) Yankee',
	# 		'Because X has the value 5, the first conditional IF (X < 0) is false, so we move to the first ELSE clause. Because X is 5 and Y is 10, the second conditional IF (X > Y) is false, so we move to the following ELSE clause. Since Y is 10, the conditional IF (Y > 0) is true, so the command DISPLAY ("November") is executed. The answer is (C).',
	# 	),
	# 	(
	# 		"A list of numbers has n elements, indexed from 1 to n. The following algorithm is intended to display the number of elements in the list that have a value greater than 100. The algorithm uses the variables count and position. Steps 3 and 4 are missing.\n Step 1: Set count to 0 and position to 1.\n Step 2: If the value of the element at index position is greater than 100, increase the value of count by 1.\n Step 3: (missing step)\n Step 4: (missing step)\n Step 5: Display the value of count.\nWhich of the following could be used to replace steps 3 and 4 so that the algorithm works as intended?\nAnswer Choices: (A) Step 3: Increase the value of position by 1.\n  Step 4: Repeat steps 2 and 3 until the value of count is greater than 100.\n(B) Step 3: Increase the value of position by 1.\n  Step 4: Repeat steps 2 and 3 until the value of position is greater than n.\n(C) Step 3: Repeat step 2 until the value of count is greater than 100.\n  Step 4: Increase the value of position by 1.\n(D) Step 3: Repeat step 2 until the value of position is greater than n.\n  Step 4: Increase the value of count by 1.",
	# 		"Choice A is incorrect, because its Step 4 has an incorrect termination condition, stopping when count is greater than 100. We need to stop after inspecting all elements in the list. Choice B is correct because it correctly increments both count and position, and correctly repeats these steps and terminates when all elements in the list have been inspected. Choice C is incorrect because it incorrectly increments the variable count until its value is greater than 100, regardless of the elements in the list. Choice D is incorrect because its step 3 does not increment the value of position, so it will repeat forever. The answer is (B).",
	# 	),
	# ]
	# mammoth
	examples["mmlu_stem"] = [
		(
			"Simplify and write the result with a rational denominator: $$\\sqrt{\\sqrt[3]{\\sqrt{\frac{1}{729}}}}$$\nAnswer Choices: (A) \\frac{3\\sqrt{3}}{3} (B) \\frac{1}{3} (C) \\sqrt{3} (D) \\frac{\\sqrt{3}}{3}",
			"Factoring $729=3^6$ and combining the roots $\\frac{1}{2}\\frac{1}{3}\\frac{1}{2}=\\frac{1}{12}$, we get that $\\sqrt{\\sqrt[3]{\\sqrt{\frac{1}{729}}}}=\\left(\frac{1}{3^6}\right)^{\frac{1}{12}}=\frac{1}{3^{\frac{1}{2}}}=\frac{3}{\\sqrt{3}}$.\n\nThe answer is <atok>(D)</atok>.",
		),
		(
			"In animal cells, which of the following represents the most likely pathway that a secretory protein takes as it is synthesized in a cell?\nAnswer Choices: (A) Plasma membrane-Golgi apparatus-ribosome-secretory vesicle-rough ER (B) Ribosome-Golgi apparatus-rough ER-secretory vesicle-plasma membrane (C) Plasma membrane-Golgi apparatus-ribosome-secretory vesicle-rough ER (D) Ribosome-rough ER-Golgi apparatus-secretory vesicle-plasma membrane",
			"Protein synthesis starts at the ribosome, so we can eliminate (A) and (C). The ribosome is often in the endoplasmic reticulum and moves from there to the Golgi apparatus, where it is modified and packaged into a vesicle. The vesicle then floats to the plasma membrane and is secreted.\n\nThe answer is <atok>(D)</atok>.",
		),
		(
			"A microwave oven is connected to an outlet, 120 V, and draws a current of 2 amps. At what rate is energy being used by the microwave oven?\nAnswer Choices: (A) 10 W (B) 30 W (C) 60 W (D) 240 W",
			"Rate of energy usage is known as power; in an dissipative electrical circuit, power is given by voltage times current. So in our case, the power is 120 V times 2 amps, or 240 W.\n\nThe answer is <atok>(D)</atok>.",
		),
		(
			"Which of the following is considered an acid anhydride?\nAnswer Choices: (A) HCl (B) H2SO3 (C) SO2 (D) Al(NO3)3",
			"An acid anhydride is a compound that is derived by removing water from an acid. The chemical formula for water is H2O, which means that we need to determine which of these options, when combined with H2O, forms an acid. SO2, or Sulfur dioxide, when combined with H2O, makes H2SO4, or sulfuric acid.\n\nThe answer is <atok>(C)</atok>.",
		),
		(
			"What is the output of \"abc\"[::-1] in Python 3? \nAnswer Choices: (A) Error (B) abc (C) cba (D) c",
			"We know that the slicing operator [::-1] takes all of the elements in the string in reverse order, so we reverse the order of the string \"abc\", resulting in \"cba\".\n\nThe answer is <atok>(C)</atok>.",
		),
	]
	examples["gpqa"] = [
		(
			"Grover iterator is a quantum gate that amplifies the amplitude of the target state while reducing the amplitude of the non-target states. What are the eigenvalues of the Grover iterator G in terms of \u03b8?\n\nChoices:\n(A) cos(\u03b8\/2)+isin(\u03b8\/2), cos(\u03b8\/2)\u2212isin(\u03b8\/2)\n(B) cos(\u03b8\/4)+isin(\u03b8\/4), cos(\u03b8\/4)\u2212isin(\u03b8\/4)\n(C) cos(\u03b8)+isin(\u03b8), cos(\u03b8)\u2212isin(\u03b8)\n(D) cos2\u03b8+isin2\u03b8, cos2\u03b8\u2212isin2\u03b8",
			"Eigenvalues of G should satisfy the secular equation, Det| G- \\lambda * I | =0, giving the answer cos2\u03b8+isin2\u03b8, cos2\u03b8\u2212isin2\u03b8.\n\nThe final answer is <atok>(D)</atok>."
		),
		(
			"Two accessions of Arabidopsis thaliana have different phenotypes associated with flowering time. Researchers sequence several genes controlling flower time and, in one of them, find the following differences between two accessions:\nSequence 1:\n\u2026ATCGTACGATGCTAGCTTACGTAGCATGAC\u2026\nSequence 2:\n\u2026CAGTACGATGATCGTACGATGCTAGCTTA\u2026\n\nWhich mutational events probably led to the phenotypic differences?\nA. inversion\nB. duplication\nC. frameshift\nD. translocation\n\nChoices:\n(A) A and C\n(B) A and D\n(C) B and C\n(D) B and D",
			"The correct answer:\nA and C \u2013 inversion and frameshift. The fragment CGTAGCATGAC at the end of sequence 1 was inverted at the beginning of sequence 2 to CAGTACGAT and lost one nucleotide C, which will lead to a frameshift during translation of this gene\u2019s mRNA.\n\nIncorrect options:\nB \u2013 duplication involves copying of a DNA segment, which is not a case in these sequences.\nD \u2013 translocation occurs at chromosomal level.\n\nThe final answer is <atok>(A)</atok>"
		),
		(
			"In order to calculate the necessary beam to produce a particle X, we ran the following simulation in a High Energy software $e^{+}e^{-}\\rightarrow X$, where the electron $e^{-}$ is at rest. We found that the beam energy has to be at least equal to $9.6\\times10^{6}$ GeV.\nWhat is the mass of the particle X used for this simulation?\n\nChoices:\n(A) 1091 GeV\n(B) 99 GeV \n(C) 3132 GeV\n(D) 542 GeV",
			"The conservation of the invariant mass gives\n\n$\\left(E{e^{+}}+m{e}\\right)^{2}-p{e^{+}}^{2}=M{X}^{2}$\n\nWith $E{e^{+}}^{2}-p{e^{+}}^{2}=m_{e}^{2}$, we find\n\n$M{X}=\\sqrt{2E{e^{+}}m{e}+2m{e}^{2}}$\n\n$M_{X}=\\sqrt{2\\times9.6\\times10^{6}\\times0.511\\times10^{-3}+2\\times0.511^{2}\\times10^{-3}}$\n\nHence\n\n$M_{X}$=99 GeV.\n\nThe final answer is <atok>(B)</atok>."
		),
		(
			"7-(3-bromopropyl)bicyclo[3.2.0]heptan-6-one is heated with Azobisisobutyronitrile and tributyltin hydride, forming a new product.\n\nHow many CH2 groups are there on this product?\n\nChoices:\n(A) 7\n(B) 6\n(C) 8\n(D) 9",
			"The C-Br bond will be homolytically cleaved, forming a primary raidcal. this will undergo an intramolecular addition to the carbonyl, forming an oxygen centered radical. this compound will form a carbonyl, and homolytically cleave the C-C bond in the cyclobutane ring, forming a secondary alkyl radical, which will abstract a hydrogen atom from tributyltin hydride, forming the product octahydroazulen-4(1H)-one. This compound has 7 CH2 groups.\n\nThe final answer is <atok>(A)</atok>"
		),
		(
			"Which one of the following is the least correct statement about the following post-transcription processes?\n\nChoices:\n(A) A mature messenger RNA may carry different combinations of exons from the original primary transcript\n(B) Some histone mRNAs end in a stem loop structure instead of poly-A tail \n(C) Sometimes, the portion of RNA transcribed from an intron can cut itself out of the primary messenger RNA without the need for a spliceosome\n(D) In animals, the introns in the primary messenger RNA for canonical histones are removed within the nucleus",
			"The statement \"In animals, the introns in the primary messenger RNA for canonical histones are removed within the nucleus.\" is incorrect because canonical histones have been shown to be one of the few proteins in eukaryotes that are produced from genes without introns.\nThe other statements are all correct, there are portions of transcribed introns that splice themselves out of the primary transcript because they are ribozymes (RNA with enzymatic activity). Also alternative splicing is used to produce different combinations of exons producing different proteins from the same gene.\nThe mRNA for canonical histones does not have poly A tail and instead has a stem loop structure to protect it.\n\nThe final answer is <atok>(D)</atok>."
		),
		(
			"Identify the final product, H, in the following sequence of reactions.\nBenzene + isobutyl chloride \/ AlCl3 ---> A\nA + isopropyl chloride \/ AlCl3 ---> B\nB + KMnO4 \/ Heat ---> C\nC + SOCl2 ---> D\nD + NH3 \/ Heat ---> E\nE + LiAlH4 \/ H2O ---> F\nF + CH3I (excess) ---> G\nG + NaNH2 \/ NH3 ---> H\n\nChoices:\n(A) 1-(4-(tert-butyl)-2-methylphenyl)-N,N-dimethylmethanamine\n(B) 2-(4-(tert-butyl)phenyl)-N,N-dimethylethan-1-amine\n(C) 1-(5-(tert-butyl)-2-isopropylphenyl)-N,N-dimethylmethanamine\n(D) 5-(tert-butyl)-2-((dimethylamino)methyl)aniline",
			"Product A = tert-butylbenzene (due to rearrangement of the secondary carbocation into stable tertiary carbocation)\n\nProduct B = 1-(tert-butyl)-4-isopropylbenzene (due to steric hindrance, para product is the major)\n\nProduct C = 4-(tert-butyl)benzoic acid (due to absence of benzylic H tert-butyl group cannot be oxidized by KMnO4)\n\nProduct D = 4-(tert-butyl)benzoyl chloride (chlorination of acid)\n\nProduct E = 4-(tert-butyl)benzamide (In this reaction first ammonium 4-(tert-butyl)benzoate is formed which upon heating converts into 4-(tert-butyl)benzamide)\n\nProduct F = (4-(tert-butyl)phenyl)methanamine (In this reaction amide is reduced to primary amine)\n\nProduct G = 1-(4-(tert-butyl)phenyl)-N,N,N-trimethylmethanaminium (In this reaction alkylation of amine takes place and forms benzyl quaternary ammonium salt)\n\nProduct H = 1-(4-(tert-butyl)-2-methylphenyl)-N,N-dimethylmethanamine (This reaction is called as Sommelet\u2013Hauser rearrangement).\n\nThe final answer is <atok>(A)</atok>.",
		),
		(
			"aniline is heated with sulfuric acid, forming product 1.\n\n1 is treated with sodium bicarbonate, followed by sodium nitrite and HCl, forming product 2.\n\n2 is allowed to react with 2-napthol, forming final product 3.\n\nhow many distinct nonexchaning hydrogen signals are there in the 1H nmr spectrum of 3?\n\nChoices:\n(A) 9\n(B) 6\n(C) 7\n(D) 8",
			"aniline is heated with sulfuric acid, forming product sulfanilic acid.\n\nsulfanilic acid is treated with sodium bicarbonate, followed by sodium nitrite and HCl, forming product a diazonium salt.\n\nfinal product 3 is sodium 4-((2-hydroxynaphthalen-1-yl)diazenyl)benzenesulfonate.\n\nthere are 8 distinct 1H nuclei in the product; 5 from the naphthol ring system, and 2 from the isolated arene (since it is free to rotate, the aryl hydrogens will be in 2 pairs).\n\nThe final answer is <atok>(D)</atok>."
		),
		(
			"Reactant A (C10H9ClO) shows a single negative peak in its DEPT-135 spectrum. When Reactant A reacts with a Lewis acid, it undergoes an intramolecular Friedel-Crafts reaction to yield Product B, which also displays a single negative peak in its DEPT-135 spectrum. Subsequent treatment of Product B with hydrazine in the presence of NaOH results in the formation of Product C, which exhibits two negative peaks in its DEPT-135 spectrum. Upon heating Product C with N-bromosuccinimide in the presence of peroxide, it transforms into Product D, which is characterized by two peaks appearing below 60 ppm and remaining peaks above 100 ppm in its 13C-NMR spectrum.\nIdentify product D.\n\nChoices:\n(A) 2-bromonaphthalene\n(B) 1-bromo-1,2-dihydronaphthalene\n(C) 2-bromo-1,2,3,4-tetrahydronaphthalene\n(D) 2,3-dibromo-1,2,3,4-tetrahydronaphthalene",
			"4-Phenylbut-3-enoyl chloride (Reactant A) contains one -CH2- group. Upon intramolecular Friedel-Crafts reaction, it produces naphthalen-1(2H)-one (Product B), which also contains a single -CH2- group. Wolff-Kishner reduction of naphthalen-1(2H)-one produces 1,2-dihydronaphthalene (Product C), which contains two -CH2- groups. Finally, side chain halogenation of Product C will form 1-bromo-1,2-dihydronaphthalene, resulting in two peaks below 60 ppm and the remaining peaks above 100 ppm in the 13C-NMR spectrum.\n\nThe final answer is <atok>(B)</atok>."
		),
	]
	examples["gaokao"] = [
		(
			"已知 $\\alpha, \\beta, \\gamma$ 是互不相同的锐角, 则在 $\\sin \\alpha \\cos \\beta, \\sin \\beta \\cos \\gamma, \\sin \\gamma \\cos \\alpha$ 三个值中, 大于 $\\frac{1}{2}$ 的个数的最大值是 ( )\n从以下选项中选择:\n(A) 0\n(B) 1\n(C) 2\n(D) 3",
			"1. 如果 $\\alpha, \\beta, \\gamma$ 均小于 $60^\\circ$，那么他们的正弦值都小于 $\\frac{1}{2}$，因此三个值中不可能有大于 $\\frac{1}{2}$ 的值。\n2. 如果有一个角大于 $60^\\circ$，假设为 $\\alpha$，那么对应的正弦值大于 $\\frac{1}{2}$。此时，由于三角形内角和为 $180^\\circ$，所以 $\\beta + \\gamma < 120^\\circ$。这意味着 $\\beta, \\gamma$ 的余弦值均大于 $\\frac{1}{2}$，所以此时 $\\sin \\alpha \\cos \\beta > \\frac{1}{2}, \\sin \\beta \\cos \\gamma > \\frac{1}{2}$。\n3. 如果有两个角大于 $60^\\circ$，例如 $\\alpha$ 和 $\\beta$，那么由于三角形内角和为 $180^\\circ$，我们可以得到 $\\gamma < 60^\\circ$，此时 $\\sin \\gamma < \\frac{1}{2}$。由于 $\\alpha$ 和 $\\beta$ 的余弦值都小于 $\\frac{1}{2}$，因此三个值中不可能有大于 $\\frac{1}{2}$ 的值。\n4. 如果三个角都大于 $60^\\circ$，显然不符合题意。\n综上所述，当有一个角大于 $60^\\circ$ 时，大于 $\\frac{1}{2}$ 的个数的最大值是 2。\n答案是 C",
		),
		(
			"正方体 $A B C D-A_{1} B_{1} C_{1} D_{1}$ 中, $B B_{1}$ 与平面 $A C D_{1}$ 所成角的余弦值为 ( )\n从以下选项中选择:\n(A) $\\frac{\\sqrt{2}}{3}$\n(B) $\\frac{\\sqrt{3}}{3}$\n(C) $\\frac{2}{3}$\n(D) $\\frac{\\sqrt{6}}{3}$",
			"设上下底面的中心分别为 $\\mathrm{O}_{1}, \\mathrm{O}$, 设正方体的棱长等于 1 , 则 $O_{1} O$ 与平面 $A C D_{1}$ 所成角就是 $B B_{1}$ 与平面 $A C D_{1}$ 所成角, 即 $\\angle O_{1} O D_{1}$, 直角三角形 $\\mathrm{OO}_{1} \\mathrm{D}_{1}$ 中, $\\cos \\angle \\mathrm{O}_{1} \\mathrm{OD}_{1}=\\frac{\\mathrm{O}_{1} \\mathrm{O}}{\\mathrm{OD}_{1}}=\\frac{\\frac{1}{\\sqrt{6}}}{2}=\\frac{\\sqrt{6}}{3}$. \n答案是 C",
		),
		(
			"设函数 $f(x)=\\left\\{\\begin{array}{ll}1+\\log _{2}(2-x), & x<1 \\ 2^{x-1}, & x \\geqslant 1,\\end{array}\\right.$ 则 $f(-2)+f\\left(\\log _{2} 12\\right)=$ ( )\n从以下选项中选择:\n(A) 3\n(B) 6\n(C) 9\n(D) 12",
			"首先，我们可以根据定义计算 $f(-2)$ 和 $f(\\log_2 12)$：\n$f(-2)=1+\\log_2(2-(-2))=1+\\log_2 4=3$\n$f(\\log_2 12)=2^{\\log_2 12-1}=6$\n因此，$f(-2)+f(\\log_2 12)=3+6=9$。\n答案是 C",
		),
		(
			"已知函数 $f(x)=a x^{3}-3 x^{2}+1$, 若 $f(x)$ 存在唯一的零点 $x_{0}$, 且 $x_{0}>$ 0 , 则实数 $\\mathrm{a}$ 的取值范围是 ( )\n从以下选项中选择:\n(A) $(1,+\\infty)$\n(B) $(2,+\\infty)$\n(C) $(-\\infty,-1)$\n(D) $(-\\infty,-2)$",
			"首先，我们可以通过求出函数的导函数 $f'(x)$ 来判断函数在 $x>0$ 区间内的单调性。在这里，我们求出导函数 $f'(x)$ 为 $f'(x)=3ax^2-6x$。\n然后，我们需要求出导函数 $f'(x)$ 的零点，以确定函数 $f(x)$ 在 $x>0$ 区间内的单调性。导函数 $f'(x)$ 的零点为 $x=0$ 和 $x=\\frac{2}{\\sqrt{a}}$。注意到 $x>0$，所以我们得到 $a<0$。此外，由于函数 $f(x)$ 在 $x=0$ 处的函数值为 $1$，因此不能有 $a=\\frac{4}{3}$。\n综上所述，当 $a$ 的取值范围为 $a<-\\frac{4}{3}$ 时，函数 $f(x)$ 在 $x>0$ 区间内是单调递减的，此时存在唯一的零点 $x_0$。因此，答案为 $(-\\infty,-2)$。\n答案是 D",
		),
		(
			"设 $\\left\\{a_{n}\\right\\}$ 是公差不为 0 的无穷等差数列, 则“ $\\left\\{a_{n}\\right\\}$ 为递增数列”是“存在正整数 $N_{0}$, 当 $n>N_{0}$ 时, $a_{n}>0$ ”的 ( )\n从以下选项中选择:\n(A) 充分而不必要条件\n(B) 必要而不充分条件\n(C) 充分必要条件\n(D) 既不充分也不必要条件",
			"首先，我们可以通过举例来判断该条件是充分还是必要条件。如果一个数列递增，那么它的公差一定大于 0，也就是存在正整数 $N_{0}$，当 $n>N_{0}$ 时，$a_{n}>0$。因此，“ $\\left\\{a_{n}\\right\\}$ 为递增数列”是“存在正整数 $N_{0}$, 当 $n>N_{0}$ 时, $a_{n}>0$ ”的必要条件。\n接下来，我们需要判断是否充分。也就是说，如果存在正整数 $N_{0}$，当 $n>N_{0}$ 时，$a_{n}>0$，那么能否得出“ $\\left\\{a_{n}\\right\\}$ 为递增数列”这一结论。答案是肯定的。因为如果 $a_{n}>0$，那么 $a_{n+1}-a_{n}>0$，即公差大于 0，因此该数列是递增的。因此，该条件是充分条件。\n综上所述，选项为 (C) 充分必要条件。\n答案是 C",
		),
	]

	return examples