diff --git a/api/src/main/java/org/apache/iceberg/actions/ActionsProvider.java b/api/src/main/java/org/apache/iceberg/actions/ActionsProvider.java
index 3bb18d8989af..55a668d11312 100644
--- a/api/src/main/java/org/apache/iceberg/actions/ActionsProvider.java
+++ b/api/src/main/java/org/apache/iceberg/actions/ActionsProvider.java
@@ -100,4 +100,10 @@ default RepairTable repairTable(Table table) {
     throw new UnsupportedOperationException(
         this.getClass().getName() + " does not implement repairTable");
   }
+
+  /** Instantiates an action to re-wrap the encryption keys of a table. */
+  default RewrapEncryptionKeys rewrapEncryptionKeys(Table table) {
+    throw new UnsupportedOperationException(
+        this.getClass().getName() + " does not implement rewrapEncryptionKeys");
+  }
 }
diff --git a/api/src/main/java/org/apache/iceberg/actions/RewrapEncryptionKeys.java b/api/src/main/java/org/apache/iceberg/actions/RewrapEncryptionKeys.java
new file mode 100644
index 000000000000..e9c654809df8
--- /dev/null
+++ b/api/src/main/java/org/apache/iceberg/actions/RewrapEncryptionKeys.java
@@ -0,0 +1,38 @@
+/*
+ * Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one
+ * or more contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file
+ * distributed with this work for additional information
+ * regarding copyright ownership.  The ASF licenses this file
+ * to you under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the
+ * "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance
+ * with the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *   http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing,
+ * software distributed under the License is distributed on an
+ * "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY
+ * KIND, either express or implied.  See the License for the
+ * specific language governing permissions and limitations
+ * under the License.
+ */
+package org.apache.iceberg.actions;
+
+import org.apache.iceberg.ManifestFile;
+
+/**
+ * An action that re-wraps the encryption keys of a table so that they no longer depend on a
+ * superseded version of the table master key.
+ *
+ * <p>Only the metadata reachable from the current snapshot is re-wrapped. Data and delete files are
+ * not rewritten, and older snapshots keep depending on the previous keys until they are expired.
+ */
+public interface RewrapEncryptionKeys
+    extends SnapshotUpdate<RewrapEncryptionKeys, RewrapEncryptionKeys.Result> {
+
+  /** The action result that contains a summary of the execution. */
+  interface Result {
+    /** Returns the manifests written with new keys. */
+    Iterable<ManifestFile> rewrappedManifests();
+  }
+}